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This is an example of cobb douglas (x^a*y^b) preferences with the exponent in the utility function equal for both x and y (a=b=1). In case a consumer has such preferences, they spend a/a+b of their income on good x and b/a+b on good y (both equal to 1/2, in this case). When there's a buy one, get one scheme on good x, the price of good x is essentially reduced to half of its former price. But the consumer still spends half of their income on good x and half on good y. Since the price of x is halved, he'll end up with twice as much of x and the same amount of y. Xd=Xnew/2=x^* Yd=Y^*
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