Hi MR.. :)
Its given in the question "consumer will demand the unit for consumption if his valuation for it is greater than or equal to the price."
27) If c=0 then, monopolist would charge p=4. So, consumer 2 and 3 will buy the good. Hence, Profit = 8.
If monopolist charges any other price then, profit will be less than 8.
28) They've asked us to find the value of "c" for which Monopolist produces either 1 or 2.
Now, if c=1 then, monopolist will charge either p=4 (ie. quantity sold=2 and profit=6) or p=7( ie. quantity sold=1 and profit=6).
:)